R-loop functions in Brca1-associated mammary tumorigenesis

Authors

Huai-Chin Chiang, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037.
Leilei Qi, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037.
Payal Mitra, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037.
Yimeng Huang, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037.
Yanfen Hu, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037.
Rong Li, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

8-13-2024

Journal

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volume

121

Issue

33

DOI

10.1073/pnas.2403600121

Keywords

BRCA1; R-loops; mouse genetics; tumorigenesis

Abstract

Deleterious accumulation of R-loops, a DNA-RNA hybrid structure, contributes to genome instability. They are associated with BRCA1 mutation-related breast cancer, an estrogen receptor α negative (ERα) tumor type originating from luminal progenitor cells. However, a presumed causality of R-loops in tumorigenesis has not been established in vivo. Here, we overexpress mouse Rnaseh1 (Rh1-OE) in vivo to remove accumulated R-loops in Brca1-deficient mouse mammary epithelium (BKO). R-loop removal exacerbates DNA replication stress in proliferating BKO mammary epithelial cells, with little effect on homology-directed repair of double-strand breaks following ionizing radiation. Compared to their BKO counterparts, BKO-Rh1-OE mammary glands contain fewer luminal progenitor cells but more mature luminal cells. Despite a similar incidence of spontaneous mammary tumors in BKO and BKO-Rh1-OE mice, a significant percentage of BKO-Rh1-OE tumors express ERα and progesterone receptor. Our results suggest that rather than directly elevating the overall tumor incidence, R-loops influence the mammary tumor subtype by shaping the cell of origin for Brca1 tumors.

APA Citation

Chiang, Huai-Chin; Qi, Leilei; Mitra, Payal; Huang, Yimeng; Hu, Yanfen; and Li, Rong, "R-loop functions in Brca1-associated mammary tumorigenesis" (2024). GW Authored Works. Paper 5487.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/5487

Department

Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine