Outcomes of HTLV-1 Carriers with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Matched Cohort Study

Authors

Bryan Valcarcel, Department of Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington DC. Electronic address: valcarcelb@gwu.edu.
Gustavo Sandival Ampuero, Departamento de Medicina Oncológica Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Perú.
Gabriel de la Cruz-Ku, Department of Surgery of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA.
Daniel J. Enriquez, Departamento de Medicina Oncológica Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Perú; Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Chorrillos Lima Perú.
Luis Malpica, Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

4-1-2022

Journal

Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia

Volume

22

Issue

4

DOI

10.1016/j.clml.2021.09.017

Keywords

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma; Human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1; Overall survival; Progression-free survival; Risk factor

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with aggressive diseases, such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). However, less is known on the impact of HTLV-1 infection in non-ATLL hematologic malignancies. We aimed to investigate if HTLV-1 carriers with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have worse survival outcomes than non-HTLV-1 carriers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study by matching HTLV-1 carriers to non-carriers based on age, sex, Ann Arbor stage, and year of diagnosis. Our outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate OS and PFS between carriers and non-carriers. We fitted multivariate Cox regression models to assess the mortality and recurrence/disease progression risk of HTLV-1 infection. RESULTS: A total of 188 patients, 66 with HTLV-1 infection and 122 without HTLV-1, were included in the study. HTLV-1 carriers had higher extranodal involvement than non-carriers (47% vs. 27%, P = .010). With a median follow-up of 78 months (95% CI: 41-90 months), HTLV-1 carriers had a similar 5 year OS (41% vs. 42%, P = .940) and PFS (34% vs. 32%, P = .691) compared to non-carriers. In the multivariate Cox analysis, HTLV-1 infection was not associated with worse OS (aHR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.64-1.50) or PFS (aHR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.60-1.34). CONCLUSION: HTLV-1 carriers with DLBCL did not have worse survival outcomes compared to non-carriers. Our results suggest that clinicians should follow standard guidelines for DLBCL management on HTLV-1 seropositive patients.

APA Citation

Valcarcel, Bryan; Ampuero, Gustavo Sandival; de la Cruz-Ku, Gabriel; Enriquez, Daniel J.; and Malpica, Luis, "Outcomes of HTLV-1 Carriers with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Matched Cohort Study" (2022). GW Authored Works. Paper 852.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/852

Department

Epidemiology