Mechanisms of chronium-induced suppression of RNA synthesis in cellular and cell-free systems: Relationship to RNA polymerase arrest
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
1-1-2004
Journal
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
Volume
255
Issue
1-2
DOI
10.1023/B:MCBI.0000007271.53241.ae
Keywords
Chromium; Polymerase arrest; T7 RNA polymerase; Transcriptional initiation and elongation
Abstract
Chromium(VI) (Cr(VI)) can suppress both DNA replication and transcription as a result of chromium (Cr)-induced DNA damage. While progress has been made in the characterization of Cr-induced DNA polymerase arresting lesions, very little information is available on the inhibition of transcription by this metal. The aim of the present study was to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in the reduction of RNA synthesis by Cr. Following treatment with a moderately cytotoxic dose (∼ LC50) of Cr(VI) (150 μM for 2 h), total RNA synthesis was initially suppressed in CHO cells and recovered to control levels within 72 h post-treatment. In vitro nuclear run-on transcription assays of nuclei isolated from Cr(VI)-treated cells showed a similar amount of RNA synthesis suppression as observed in intact cells. Qualitative analysis of nascent transcripts revealed a general, concentration-dependent reduction in size suggesting that transcriptional elongation was inhibited following Cr-treatment. Transcriptional initiation in these nuclei was also reduced. To better determine whether transcriptional suppression was related to Cr-induced DNA damage we examined the transcriptional activity of T7 RNA polymerase on Cr(III)-treated plasmid DNA. Treatment of pGEM3Z-TS DNA with Cr(III) resulted in transcriptional arrest which occurred primarily at GC-rich and palindromic regions. However, in contrast to the cellular data, transcriptional initiation was unaffected in the in vitro transcription arrest assays. Taken together, these results suggest that the suppression of RNA synthesis by Cr is related to chromium-induced template DNA damage which prevents elongation leading to premature RNA polymerase arrest.
APA Citation
Xu, J., Manning, C., O'Brien, T., Ceryak, S., & Patierno, S. (2004). Mechanisms of chronium-induced suppression of RNA synthesis in cellular and cell-free systems: Relationship to RNA polymerase arrest. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 255 (1-2). http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:MCBI.0000007271.53241.ae