Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
2014
Journal
Journal of AIDS and Clinical Research
Volume
Volume 5
Inclusive Pages
Article number 311
Abstract
HIV-1 infection can trigger acute episodes of Idiopathic Thrombocytoponic Purpura (ITP), and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP), particularly in populations with advanced disease and poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). These diseases should be distinguished because they respond to different treatments. Previous studies done in adults with HIV-TTP have recommended the prompt initiation or re-initiation of ART in parallel with plasma exchange therapy to improve the clinical outcome of these patients. Here, we describe a case of HIVTTP resulting in an acute hemorrhagic stroke in a 16 year old female with perinatally acquired HIV infection and non-adherence to ART, who presented with severe thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and a past medical history of HIV-ITP. Both differential diagnosis and treatments for HIV-ITP and HIV-TTP were considered simultaneously. A decrease in plasma ADAMTS13 activity (<5%) without detectable inhibitory antibodies confirmed the diagnosis of HIV-TTP. Re-initiation of ART and plasma exchange resulted in a marked decrease in the HIV-RNA viral load, recovery of the platelet count, and complete recovery was achieved with sustained virologic suppression.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
APA Citation
Rakhmanina, N., Wong, E.C.C., Davis, J.C., Ray, P.E. (2014). Hemorrhagic stroke in an adolescent female with HIV-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Journal of AIDS and Clinical Research, 5:311.
Open Access
1
Comments
Reproduced with permission of OMICS Journal of AIDS and Clinical Research.