Genomic and Molecular Landscape of DNA Damage Repair Deficiency across The Cancer Genome Atlas
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
4-3-2018
Journal
Cell Reports
Volume
23
Issue
1
DOI
10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.076
Keywords
DNA damage footprints; DNA damage repair; epigenetic silencing; integrative statistical analysis; mutational signatures; protein structure analysis; somatic copy-number alterations; somatic mutations; The Cancer Genome Atlas PanCanAtlas project
Abstract
© 2018 The Author(s) DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways modulate cancer risk, progression, and therapeutic response. We systematically analyzed somatic alterations to provide a comprehensive view of DDR deficiency across 33 cancer types. Mutations with accompanying loss of heterozygosity were observed in over 1/3 of DDR genes, including TP53 and BRCA1/2. Other prevalent alterations included epigenetic silencing of the direct repair genes EXO5, MGMT, and ALKBH3 in ∼20% of samples. Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) was present at varying frequency in many cancer types, most notably ovarian cancer. However, in contrast to ovarian cancer, HRD was associated with worse outcomes in several other cancers. Protein structure-based analyses allowed us to predict functional consequences of rare, recurrent DDR mutations. A new machine-learning-based classifier developed from gene expression data allowed us to identify alterations that phenocopy deleterious TP53 mutations. These frequent DDR gene alterations in many human cancers have functional consequences that may determine cancer progression and guide therapy. Knijnenburg et al. present The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Pan-Cancer analysis of DNA damage repair (DDR) deficiency in cancer. They use integrative genomic and molecular analyses to identify frequent DDR alterations across 33 cancer types, correlate gene- and pathway-level alterations with genome-wide measures of genome instability and impaired function, and demonstrate the prognostic utility of DDR deficiency scores.
APA Citation
Knijnenburg, T., Wang, L., Zimmermann, M., Chambwe, N., Gao, G., Cherniack, A., Fan, H., Shen, H., Way, G., Greene, C., Liu, Y., Akbani, R., Feng, B., Donehower, L., Miller, C., Shen, Y., Karimi, M., Chen, H., Kim, P., Jia, P., Shinbrot, E., Zhang, S., Liu, J., Hu, H., Bailey, M., Yau, C., Wolf, D., Zhao, Z., Weinstein, J., Li, L., Ding, L., Mills, G., & Laird, P. (2018). Genomic and Molecular Landscape of DNA Damage Repair Deficiency across The Cancer Genome Atlas. Cell Reports, 23 (1). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.076