Calcitonin precursors: Early markers of gut barrier dysfunction in patients with acute pancreatitis

Authors

Basil J. Ammori, University of Leeds
K. L. Becker, The George Washington University
P. Kite, Leeds General Infirmary
R. H. Snider, The George Washington University
E. S. Nylén, The George Washington University
J. C. White, The George Washington University
G. R. Barclay, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service
M. Larvin, University of Leeds
M. J. McMahon, University of Leeds

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

10-1-2003

Journal

Pancreas

Volume

27

Issue

3

DOI

10.1097/00006676-200310000-00008

Keywords

Acute pancreatitis; Antiendotoxin antibodies; Calcitonin precursors; Endotoxin; Gut barrier function; Intestinal permeability

Abstract

Background: Severe acute pancreatitis is associated with an early increase in intestinal permeability and endotoxemia. Endotoxin is a potent stimulator for the production and release of procalcitonin and its components (calcitonin precursors; [CTpr]). The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of plasma CTpr as an early marker for gut barrier dysfunction in patients with acute pancreatitis. Methods: Intestinal permeability to macromolecules (polyethylene glycol 3350), serum endotoxin and antiendotoxin core antibodies, plasma CTpr, and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured on admission in 60 patients with acute pancreatitis. Attacks were classified as mild (n = 48) or severe (n = 12) according to the Atlanta criteria. Results: Compared with mild attacks of acute pancreatitis, severe attacks were significantly associated with an increase in intestinal permeability index (median: 0.02 vs. 0.006, P < 0.001), the frequency of endotoxemia (73% vs. 41%, P = 0.04), and the extent of depletion of serum IgM antiendotoxin antibodies (median: 43 MMU vs. 100 MMU, P = 0.004). Plasma CTpr levels were significantly elevated in patients with severe attacks compared with mild attacks on both the day of admission and on day 3 (median: 64 vs. 22 fmol/mL, P = 0.03; and 90 vs. 29 fmol/mL, P = 0.003 respectively). A positive and significant correlation was observed between the admission serum endotoxin and plasma CTpr levels on admission (r = 0.7, P < 0.0001) and on day 3 (r = 0.96, P < 0.0001), and between plasma CTpr on day 7 and the intestinal permeability index (r = 0.85, P = 0.0001). In contrast, only a weak positive correlation was observed between peak serum levels of CRP and plasma CTpr on admission (r = 0.3, P = 0.017) and on day 7 (r = 0.471, P = 0.049), as well as between CRP and each of the admission serum endotoxin (r = 0.3, P = 0.03) and the intestinal permeability index (r = 0.375, P = 0.007). Conclusions: In patients with acute pancreatitis, plasma concentrations of CTpr appear to reflect more closely the derangement in gut barrier function rather than the extent of systemic inflammation.

APA Citation

Ammori, B., Becker, K., Kite, P., Snider, R., Nylén, E., White, J., Barclay, G., Larvin, M., & McMahon, M. (2003). Calcitonin precursors: Early markers of gut barrier dysfunction in patients with acute pancreatitis. Pancreas, 27 (3). http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006676-200310000-00008