Association of Anti-3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Autoantibodies With DRB1*07:01 and Severe Myositis in Juvenile Myositis Patients.
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
7-1-2017
Journal
Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)
Volume
69
Issue
7
DOI
10.1002/acr.23113
Keywords
Acyl Coenzyme A; Adolescent; Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Myositis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; RNA-Binding Proteins; Severity of Illness Index
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Autoantibodies recognizing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) are associated with statin exposure, the HLA allele DRB1*11:01, and necrotizing muscle biopsies in adult myositis patients. The aim of this study was to characterize the features of juvenile anti-HMGCR-positive myositis patients.
METHODS: The sera of 440 juvenile myositis patients were screened for anti-HMGCR autoantibodies. Demographic and clinical features, responses to therapy, and HLA alleles were assessed. The features of anti-HMGCR-positive patients were compared to those of previously described adult patients with this autoantibody and to children with other myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs).
RESULTS: Five of 440 patients (1.1%) were anti-HMGCR-positive; none had taken statin medications. Three patients had rashes characteristic of juvenile dermatomyositis and 2 patients had immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies. The median highest creatine kinase (CK) level of anti-HMGCR-positive subjects was 17,000 IU/liter. All patients had severe proximal muscle weakness, distal weakness, muscle atrophy, joint contractures, and arthralgias, which were all more prevalent in HMGCR-positive subjects compared to MSA-negative patients or those with other MSAs. Anti-HMGCR-positive patients had only partial responses to multiple immunosuppressive medications, and their disease often took a chronic course. The DRB1*07:01 allele was present in all 5 patients, compared to 26.25% of healthy controls (corrected P = 0.01); none of the 5 juvenile patients had DRB1*11:01.
CONCLUSION: Compared to children with other MSAs, muscle disease appears to be more severe in those with anti-HMGCR autoantibodies. Like adults, children with anti-HMGCR autoantibodies have severe weakness and high CK levels. In contrast to adults, in anti-HMGCR-positive children, there is a strong association with HLA-DRB1*07:01.
APA Citation
Kishi, T., Rider, L., Pak, K., Barillas-Arias, L., Henrickson, M., McCarthy, P., Shaham, B., Weiss, P., Horkayne-Szakaly, I., Targoff, I., Miller, F., Mammen, A., & Curiel, R. (2017). Association of Anti-3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Autoantibodies With DRB1*07:01 and Severe Myositis in Juvenile Myositis Patients.. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 69 (7). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.23113
Peer Reviewed
1
Open Access
1
Comments
This is an open access PubMed Central article.