Assessing the Effectiveness of Data-to-Care Strategies for Improving HIV Care Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Kristin Tansil Roberts, Translation and Evaluation Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Mailstop US8-5, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA. iwh9@cdc.gov.
Mary Mullins, Translation and Evaluation Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Mailstop US8-5, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Darrel H. Higa, Translation and Evaluation Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Mailstop US8-5, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Linda J. Koenig, Office of the Director, Division of HIV Prevention, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Megan Mallett, SeKON Enterprise, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA.
Megan Wichser, SeKON Enterprise, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA.
Christa L. Denard, ICF International Inc, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jayleen Gunn, HIV Incidence Case Surveillance Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Miriam A. Nji, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Briana Nguyen, College of Public Health, Virtual Student Federal Service Internship, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.
Janae Mitchell, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Virtual Student Federal Service Internship, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA.
Miya Pontes, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Virtual Student Federal Service Internship, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Madison Underwood, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Virtual Student Federal Service Internship, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Theresa Ann Sipe, Translation and Evaluation Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Mailstop US8-5, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

7-16-2025

Journal

AIDS and behavior

DOI

10.1007/s10461-025-04768-x

Keywords

Data-to-care; HIV care continuum; HIV surveillance; Intervention; Linkage/re-engagement to care; Out of care

Abstract

Data-to-Care (D2C) is a strategy that uses HIV surveillance data or other data sources to identify out-of-care (OOC) persons with HIV (PWH) and link or re-engage them in care to improve viral suppression (VS). While some evidence suggests D2C is effective, no comprehensive systematic review has been published. This review aims to determine the effectiveness of D2C. A systematic search in five databases (i.e., MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, sociological abstracts) identified 3868 U.S. studies published between January 2009 and January 2021 that described D2C interventions and measured HIV care outcomes. Two reviewers screened titles/abstracts, reviewed full reports for eligibility, and abstracted data. Risk of bias was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and included studies were synthesized quantitatively and qualitatively (Protocol registered on PROSPERO ID = CRD42020173095). Thirty-four studies with 30 unique interventions were identified. Two different meta-analyses, each with six interventions, found that D2C approached significance in improving engagement in care (Relative Risk (RR) 95% CI 1.18 [0.99 to 1.41]) and VS (RR 95% CI 1.44 [0.99 to 2.09]). Studies that could not be incorporated into the meta-analyses, also showed improvements in engagement in care (median percent [IQI]: 63% [45% to 81%], 18 interventions) and VS (median percent [IQI]: 39% [25% to 57%], 14 interventions). Overall, this systematic review suggests that D2C may enhance HIV care outcomes, emphasizing the need for effective strategies to identify and engage OOC persons in care.

Department

Public Health Student Works

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