Malignant Pineal Parenchymal Tumors in Adults: A National Cancer Database Analysis

Authors

Eric J. Chalif, Department of Neurosurgery, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Richard D. Murray, Department of Neurosurgery, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Khashayar Mozaffari, Department of Neurosurgery, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Yeshwant R. Chillakuru, Department of Otolaryngology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Timothy Shim, Department of Otolaryngology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Ashkan Monfared, Department of Neurosurgery, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Jonathan H. Sherman, Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University, Martinsburg, West Virginia, USA.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

3-23-2022

Journal

Neurosurgery

DOI

10.1227/neu.0000000000001915

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Limited retrospective data exist on malignant pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) in adults, and there are no large previous studies that review clinical outcomes across the 3 treatment arms of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. As a result, optimal disease management has yet to be defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate treatment trends and perform survival analysis in adult PPT. METHODS: The National Cancer Database was queried for histologically confirmed PPT diagnosed from 2007 to 2016. Univariate and multivariate Cox regressions were used to evaluate the prognostic impact of covariates. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated for comparative subanalyses. RESULTS: Of the 251 patients who met inclusion criteria, 172 had PPTs of intermediate differentiation (PPTID) and 79 had pineoblastoma. A plurality of patients with pineoblastoma were treated with trimodal therapy (39.1%), whereas patients with PPTID were commonly treated with either surgery alone or surgery and radiation (33.7% each). Factors independently associated with improved overall survival include younger patient age, female sex, lower comorbidity score, lower tumor grade, and treatment with surgery or radiation (each P < .05). Subanalyses confirm the effect of radiation on survival in patients with grade III PPTID with subtotal resection; however, no survival benefit of adjuvant radiation is demonstrated in patients with grade II PPTID with subtotal resection. CONCLUSION: Although radiotherapy and surgery were found to increase survival in all patients with PPT, there was no demonstrable survival benefit of adjuvant radiation in surgically treated patients with grade II PPTID. This suggests that adjuvant radiotherapy may not add significant survival benefit in many adult patients with grade II PPTID.

APA Citation

Chalif, Eric J.; Murray, Richard D.; Mozaffari, Khashayar; Chillakuru, Yeshwant R.; Shim, Timothy; Monfared, Ashkan; and Sherman, Jonathan H., "Malignant Pineal Parenchymal Tumors in Adults: A National Cancer Database Analysis" (2022). GW Authored Works. Paper 554.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/554

Department

Neurological Surgery