Dengue NS1 antibodies are associated with clearance of viral NS1

Michelle Premazzi Papa, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Ross Hall 622, 2300 Eye Street, NW Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Evelyn Mendoza-Torres, Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Universidad Libre de Colombia, Seccional Barranquilla, Km 7 Via a Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla, Atlántico, 081001, Colombia.
Peifang Sun, Directorate for Defense Infectious Diseases, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Ave., Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
Liliana Encinales, Department of Medicine, Allied Research Society Colombia, Cra 55 N° 100-51 Oficina 411, Centro Empresarial Blue Gardens, Barranquilla, Atlántico, 080020, Colombia.
Joseph Goulet, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
Gabriel Defang, Directorate for Defense Infectious Diseases, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Ave., Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
Jani Vihasi, Henry Jackson Foundation, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, USA.
Ying Cheng, Leidos, 11951 Freedom Drive, Reston, VA 20190, USA.
Karol Suchowiecki, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Room 5-416, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Wendy Rosales, Grupo de Investigación Avanzada en Biomedicina, Universidad Libre de Colombia, Seccional Barranquilla, Km 7 Via a Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla, Atlántico, 081001, Colombia.
Richard Amdur, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Dr, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA.
Alexandra Porras-Ramirez, Grupo de Medicina Comunitaria y Salud Colectiva, Universidad El Bosque, Ak. 9 #131a-2, Bogotá 11001, Colombia.
Alejandro Rico-Mendoza, Grupo de Medicina Comunitaria y Salud Colectiva, Universidad El Bosque, Ak. 9 #131a-2, Bogotá 11001, Colombia.
Carlos Herrera Gomez, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Room 5-416, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Sam Nicholes, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Ross Hall 622, 2300 Eye Street, NW Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Ivan Zuluaga, Universidad Libre de Barranquilla, Clínica Iberoamérica, Calle 85 Número 50-37, Barranquilla, Atlántico, 081001, Colombia.
Liam Halstead, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Room 5-416, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Scott Halstead, Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Gary Simon, Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2150 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Room 5-416, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Kevin Porter, Directorate for Defense Infectious Diseases, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Ave., Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
Rebecca M. Lynch, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Ross Hall 622, 2300 Eye Street, NW Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Aileen Y. Chang, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Ross Hall 622, 2300 Eye Street, NW Washington, DC 20037, USA.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

6-6-2024

Journal

The Journal of infectious diseases

DOI

10.1093/infdis/jiae299

Keywords

Dengue; NS1; antibodies; neutralization; sialidase 2

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Dengue vascular permeability syndrome is the primary cause of death in severe dengue infections. The protective versus potentially pathogenic role of dengue NS1 antibodies are not well understood. The main goal of this analysis was to characterize the relationship between free NS1 concentration and NS1 antibody titers in primary and secondary dengue infection in order to better understand the presence and duration of NS1 antibody complexes in clinical dengue infections. METHODS: Hospitalized participants with acute dengue infection were recruited from Northern Colombia between 2018 to 2020. Symptom assessment including dengue signs and symptoms, chart review and blood collection was performed. Primary versus secondary Dengue was assessed serologically. NS1 titers and anti-NS1 antibodies were measured daily. RESULTS: Patients with secondary infection have higher antibody titers than those in primary infection, and we find a negative correlation between anti-NS1 antibody titer and NS1 protein. We demonstrate that in a subset of secondary infection, there are indeed NS1 antibody-antigen complexes at the admission day during the febrile phase that are not detectable by the recovery phase. Furthermore, dengue infection status is associated with higher circulating sialidases. DISCUSSION: The negative correlation between antibody and protein suggests that antibodies may play a role in clearing this viral protein.

Department

Medicine

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