NP and PA transition to practice: A scoping review of fellowships and onboarding programs

Perri Morgan, Perri Morgan is a professor in the PA program at Duke University in Durham, N.C. Hilary Barnes is an assistant professor at Widener University School of Nursing in Chester, Pa. Heather R. Batchelder is a research program leader in the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health at Duke University. Brandi Tuttle is a research and education librarian at Duke University Medical Center Library and Archives. Asefeh Faraz Covelli is an associate professor in the School of Nursing at George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Christine Everett is founding PA program director and division chief of PA studies at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, Wisc. George L. Jackson is a professor and director of the Program on Implementation and Improvement Science at the Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Tex., and a research health scientist and director of the Implementation and Improvement Science Lab in the Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation at Durham (N.C.) Veterans Affairs Health Care System. Lorraine Anglin is an assistant professor and academic coordinator of the PA program at Duke University and practices at Triangle Residential Options for Substance Abusers medical clinic in Durham, N.C. Nathalie Ortiz Pate is an assistant professor in the PA program at Campbell University in Buies Creek, N.C., and practices family medicine at Moncure (N.C.) Community Health Center. Patricia Dieter is a professor emeritus in the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health at Duke University School of Medicine. Janelle Bludorn is an assistant professor and academic coordinator of the PA program at Duke University. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
Hilary Barnes
Heather R. Batchelder
Brandi Tuttle
Asefeh Faraz Covelli
Christine Everett
George L. Jackson
Lorraine Anglin
Nathalie Ortiz Pate
Patricia Dieter
Janelle Bludorn

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

12-1-2023

Journal

JAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants

Volume

36

Issue

12

DOI

10.1097/01.JAA.0000991352.36720.09

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Newly graduated NPs and physician associates/assistants (PAs) benefit from transition to practice (TTP) support to move successfully into practice. TTP programs (such as onboarding programs, fellowships, and residencies) hold promise for improving workforce outcomes. The purpose of this scoping review was to describe the literature regarding NP/PA TTP programs. METHODS: Using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, a specific approach for systematically conducting reviews, publications from January 1990 to May 2022 were included if they addressed fellowships, residencies, or onboarding programs for NPs or PAs. Final data extraction involved 216 articles. RESULTS: The pace of publication increased over time, with a noticeable increase since 2015. Articles were most commonly about fellowships or residencies, NPs, and programs set in nonrural, acute care US settings and in academic health centers. CONCLUSIONS: A gap exists in our understanding of onboarding programs and programs focusing on PAs, as well as TTP support in rural and primary care settings. In addition, few articles assess TTP program outcomes such as benefits and costs. This review describes the need for more published literature in these areas.

Department

Nursing Faculty Publications

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