Priorities and Progress in Gram-positive Bacterial Infection Research by the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group: A Narrative Review

Sarah B. Doernberg, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, SanFrancisco, California, USA.
Cesar A. Arias, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
Deena R. Altman, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Ahmed Babiker, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Helen W. Boucher, Tufts University School of Medicine, Medford, Massachusetts, USA.
C Buddy Creech, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Sara E. Cosgrove, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Scott R. Evans, Department of Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Vance G. Fowler, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Stephanie A. Fritz, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
Brendan J. Kelly, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Sixto M. Leal, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Catherine Liu, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Thomas P. Lodise, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, New York, USA.
Loren G. Miller, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Jose M. Munita, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Clinica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
Barbara E. Murray, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Melinda M. Pettigrew, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Felicia Ruffin, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Marc H. Scheetz, Pharmacometrics Center of Excellence, College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA.
Bo Shopsin, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Truc T. Tran, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA.
Nicholas A. Turner, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Derek J. Williams, Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and the Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Smitha Zaharoff, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Thomas L. Holland, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

10-16-2023

Journal

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

Volume

77

Issue

Suppl 4

DOI

10.1093/cid/ciad565

Keywords

antibacterial agents; antibacterial resistance; gram-positive bacterial infections; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; vancomycin-resistant enterococci

Abstract

The Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG) has prioritized infections caused by gram-positive bacteria as one of its core areas of emphasis. The ARLG Gram-positive Committee has focused on studies responding to 3 main identified research priorities: (1) investigation of strategies or therapies for infections predominantly caused by gram-positive bacteria, (2) evaluation of the efficacy of novel agents for infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and (3) optimization of dosing and duration of antimicrobial agents for gram-positive infections. Herein, we summarize ARLG accomplishments in gram-positive bacterial infection research, including studies aiming to (1) inform optimal vancomycin dosing, (2) determine the role of dalbavancin in MRSA bloodstream infection, (3) characterize enterococcal bloodstream infections, (4) demonstrate the benefits of short-course therapy for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia, (5) develop quality of life measures for use in clinical trials, and (6) advance understanding of the microbiome. Future studies will incorporate innovative methodologies with a focus on interventional clinical trials that have the potential to change clinical practice for difficult-to-treat infections, such as MRSA bloodstream infections.

Department

Biostatistics and Bioinformatics

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