Coffee Consumption and Incidence of Cardiovascular and Microvascular Diseases in Never-Smoking Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Authors

Yu-Jie Liu, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China.
Meng-Yuan Miao, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China.
Jia-Min Wang, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China.
Quan Tang, Yancheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yancheng 224002, China.
Wen-Wen Han, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China.
Yi-Ping Jia, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China.
Hao-Wei Tao, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China.
Yan Zheng, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Rob M. van Dam, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Li-Qiang Qin, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China.
Guo-Chong Chen, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

9-8-2023

Journal

Nutrients

Volume

15

Issue

18

DOI

10.3390/nu15183910

Keywords

cardiovascular diseases; coffee; microvascular diseases; type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

The relationship between coffee consumption and diabetes-related vascular complications remains unclear. To eliminate confounding by smoking, this study assessed the relationships of coffee consumption with major cardiovascular disease (CVD) and microvascular disease (MVD) in never-smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Included were 9964 never-smokers with T2DM from the UK Biobank without known CVD or cancer at baseline (7781 were free of MVD). Participants were categorized into four groups according to daily coffee consumption (0, 0.5-1, 2-4, ≥5 cups/day). CVD included coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and heart failure (HF). MVD included retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidential intervals (CIs) of total CVD and MVD and the component outcomes associated with coffee consumption. During a median of 12.7 years of follow-up, 1860 cases of CVD and 1403 cases of MVD were identified. Coffee intake was nonlinearly and inversely associated with CVD (P-nonlinearity = 0.023) and the component outcomes. Compared with no coffee intake, HRs (95% CIs) associated with a coffee intake of 2 to 4 cups/day were 0.82 (0.73, 0.93) for CVD, 0.84 (0.73, 0.97) for CHD, 0.73 (0.57, 0.92) for MI, 0.76 (0.57, 1.02) for stroke, and 0.68 (0.55, 0.85) for HF. Higher coffee intake (≥5 cups/day) was not significantly associated with CVD outcomes. Coffee intake was linearly and inversely associated with risk of CKD (HR for ≥5 vs. 0 cups/day = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.91; P-trend = 0.0029) but was not associated with retinopathy or peripheral neuropathy. Among never-smoking individuals with T2DM, moderate coffee consumption (2-4 cups/day) was associated with a lower risk of various CVD outcomes and CKD, with no adverse associations for higher consumption.

APA Citation

Liu, Yu-Jie; Miao, Meng-Yuan; Wang, Jia-Min; Tang, Quan; Han, Wen-Wen; Jia, Yi-Ping; Tao, Hao-Wei; Zheng, Yan; van Dam, Rob M.; Qin, Li-Qiang; and Chen, Guo-Chong, "Coffee Consumption and Incidence of Cardiovascular and Microvascular Diseases in Never-Smoking Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus" (2023). GW Authored Works. Paper 3432.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/3432

Department

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences