Clarifying the Heterogeneity in Response to Vitamin D in the Development, Prevention, and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
6-20-2023
Journal
International journal of environmental research and public health
Volume
20
Issue
12
DOI
10.3390/ijerph20126187
Keywords
autoimmunity; bioavailability; chronic diseases; health behaviors; public health; sex-specific response; type 2 diabetes mellitus; vitamin D
Abstract
In this review, we explore the potential drivers of heterogeneity in response to Vitamin D (VitD) therapy, such as bioavailability, sex-specific response, and autoimmune pathology, in those at risk for and diagnosed with T2DM. In addition, we propose distinct populations for future interventions with VitD. The literature concerning VitD supplementation in the prevention, treatment, and remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) spans decades, is complex, and is often contradictory with mixed findings upon intervention. By association, VitD status is powerfully predictive with deficient subjects reporting greater risk for T2DM, conversion to T2DM from prediabetes, and enhanced response to VitD therapy. Preclinical models strongly favor intervention with VitD owing to the pleiotropic influence of VitD on multiple systems. Additional research is crucial as there remain many questions unanswered that are related to VitD status and conditions such as T2DM. Future research must be conducted to better understand the potentially spurious relationships between VitD status, supplementation, sun exposure, health behaviors, and the diagnosis and management of T2DM. Public health practice can greatly benefit from a better understanding of the mechanisms by which we can reliably increase VitD status and how this can be used to develop education and improve health behaviors.
APA Citation
Hands, Jacob M.; Corr, Patrick G.; and Frame, Leigh A., "Clarifying the Heterogeneity in Response to Vitamin D in the Development, Prevention, and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review" (2023). GW Authored Works. Paper 2703.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/2703
Department
Clinical Research and Leadership