Measuring social desirability bias in a multi-ethnic cohort sample: its relationship with self-reported physical activity, dietary habits, and factor structure

Authors

Wen Lin Teh, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore. wen_lin_teh@imh.com.sg.
Edimansyah Abdin, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Asharani P V, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Fiona Devi Siva Kumar, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Kumarasan Roystonn, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Peizhi Wang, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Saleha Shafie, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Sherilyn Chang, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Anitha Jeyagurunathan, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
Chee Fang Sum, Admiralty Medical Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 676 Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore, Singapore.
Eng Sing Lee, National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, 3 Fusionopolis Link. Nexus@One-North, Singapore, Singapore.
Rob M. van Dam, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, Singapore.
Mythily Subramaniam, Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

3-1-2023

Journal

BMC public health

Volume

23

Issue

1

DOI

10.1186/s12889-023-15309-3

Keywords

Asia; CFA; MCSDS; Marlowe-crowne; Multi-ethnic; Social desirability

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Social desirability bias is one of the oldest forms of response bias studied in social sciences. While individuals may feel the need to fake good or bad answers in response to sensitive or intrusive questions, it remains unclear how rampant such a bias is in epidemiological research pertaining to self-reported lifestyle indicators in a multicultural Asian context. The main purpose of the current study is, therefore, to examine the sociodemographic correlates and impact of social desirability responding on self-reported physical activity and dietary habits at an epidemiological scale in a non-western multi-cultural Asian setting. METHODS: Prior to the main analyses, confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were conducted to determine the factorial validity of a western derived concept of social desirability. Multiple regression analyses were conducted on cross-sectional data (n = 2995) extracted from a nationwide survey conducted between 2019 and 2020. RESULTS: A unique factor structure of social desirability was found and was therefore used for subsequent analyses. Multiple regression analyses revealed older age groups, the Indian ethnic group, those with past or present marriages, and having no income, had a significantly greater tendency to act on the bias. CONCLUSION: The construct of social desirability bias was fundamentally different in a multicultural context than previously understood. Only a small proportion of variance of self-report lifestyle scores was explained by social desirability, thus providing support for data integrity.

Department

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences

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