Antibody and T-cell responses to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in common variable immunodeficiency and specific antibody deficiency
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
2-2-2023
Journal
Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
DOI
10.1016/j.anai.2023.01.025
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Clinical trials of the mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines excluded individuals with primary antibody deficiencies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether antibody and T-cell responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and specific antibody deficiency (SAD) were comparable to those in healthy controls. METHODS: We measured antibody responses against the spike glycoprotein and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in addition to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 specific T-cell responses using peripheral blood mononuclear cells 2 to 8 weeks after the subjects completed the primary 2-dose vaccine series. RESULTS: The study comprised 12 patients with CVID, 7 patients with SAD, and 10 controls. Individuals with CVID had lower immunoglobulin (Ig) G and Ig A levels against spike glycoprotein than did both individuals with SAD (P = .27 and P = .01, respectively) and controls (P = .01 and P = .004, respectively). The CVID group developed lower IgG titers against the RBD epitope than did the control group (P = .01). Participants with CVID had lower neutralizing titers than did the control group (P = .002). All participants with SAD developed neutralizing titers. All 3 groups (SAD, CVID, and control) developed antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses after vaccination. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that patients with CVID may have impaired antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination but intact T-cell responses, whereas patients with SAD would be expected to have both intact antibody and T-cell responses to vaccination.
APA Citation
Rosenthal, Jamie A.; Papa, Michelle Premazzi; Sanz, Marta; Nicholes, Samuel; Holmberg, Carissa S.; Bosque, Alberto; Keswani, Anjeni; Amdur, Richard; Lynch, Rebecca M.; Soriano-Sarabia, Natalia; and Ein, Daniel, "Antibody and T-cell responses to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in common variable immunodeficiency and specific antibody deficiency" (2023). GW Authored Works. Paper 2450.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/2450
Department
Medicine