Epidemiology of Coronary Artery Disease

Authors

John P. Duggan, Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4494 Palmer Road North, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Alex S. Peters, Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 4494 Palmer Road North, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Gregory D. Trachiotis, Division of Cardiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery and Heart Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street Northwest, Washington, DC 20422, USA; Department of Surgery, George Washington University Hospital, 2300 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
Jared L. Antevil, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street Northwest, Washington, DC 20422, USA. Electronic address: jared.antevil@va.gov.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

6-1-2022

Journal

The Surgical clinics of North America

Volume

102

Issue

3

DOI

10.1016/j.suc.2022.01.007

Keywords

Cardiovascular diseases; Coronary artery bypass; Coronary disease; Myocardial infarction; Percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Although the mortality of coronary artery disease (CAD) has declined over recent decades, CAD remains the leading cause of death in the United States (US) and presents a significant economic burden. Epidemiologic studies have identified numerous risk factors for CAD. Some risk factors-including smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and physical inactivity-are decreasing within the US population while Others, including advanced age, diabetes, and obesity are increasing. The most significant historic advances in CAD therapy were the development of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and lipid-lowering medications. Contemporary management of CAD includes primary and secondary prevention via medical management and revascularization when appropriate based on best available evidence. Despite the increasing prevalence of CAD nationwide, there has been a steady decline in the number of CABGs and PCIs performed in the US for the past decade. Patients with CABG are becoming older and with more comorbid conditions, although mortality associated with CABG has remained steady.

APA Citation

Duggan, John P.; Peters, Alex S.; Trachiotis, Gregory D.; and Antevil, Jared L., "Epidemiology of Coronary Artery Disease" (2022). GW Authored Works. Paper 1233.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/1233

Department

Surgery