Antiviral activity of aframomum melegueta against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses type 1 and 2

Authors

Oneil Mahoney, Science Department, Borough of Manhattan Community College, The City University of New York, NY, 199 Chambers Street, Science Department room N699, New York, NY 10007, USA.
Claudia Melo, George Washington University, Washington DC USA.
Anthony Lockhart, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ USA.
Nadjet Cornejal, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, NY USA.
Sahar Alsaidi, Lehman College, The City University of New York, NY USA.
Qingli Wu, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ USA.
Jim Simon, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ USA.
Rodolfo Juliani, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ USA.
Thomas M. Zydowsky, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY USA.
Christine Priano, Science Department, Borough of Manhattan Community College, The City University of New York, NY, 199 Chambers Street, Science Department room N699, New York, NY 10007, USA.
Adolfina Koroch, Science Department, Borough of Manhattan Community College, The City University of New York, NY, 199 Chambers Street, Science Department room N699, New York, NY 10007, USA.
José A. Fernández Romero, Science Department, Borough of Manhattan Community College, The City University of New York, NY, 199 Chambers Street, Science Department room N699, New York, NY 10007, USA.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

5-1-2022

Journal

South African journal of botany : official journal of the South African Association of Botanists = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir plantkunde : amptelike tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Genootskap van Plantkundiges

Volume

146

DOI

10.1016/j.sajb.2021.12.010

Keywords

Antiviral; CC50, half-maximal cytotoxic concentration; CI, Combination Index; COVID-19, Coronavirus disease 2019; EC50, half-maximal effective concentration; Gingerols; METLIM, Metabolomics Database and Library; PCDL, comprehensive database of metabolites that includes MS/MS spectra; Phytotherapy; PsV, pseudovirus; QTOF/MS, quadrupole technologies with a time-of-flight mass analyser; SARS-COV-2; SARS-CoV-2, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2; SE, Seed Extract; TI, Therapeutic index; UPLC/DAD, ultra-performance liquid chromatography method with diode array detection; XTT, 2,3-Bis-(2-Methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide; hACE-2, human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

Abstract

Plant-based compounds with antiviral properties against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been identified in through computational models. The seed extract have been traditionally used to treat different illnesses. In this study, ethanolic extracts were prepared for six commercial samples of seeds. Antiviral activity was tested using the XTT cytotoxicity assay and cell-based SARS-CoV-1 and 2 pseudoviral models. The presence of gingerols and other non-volatile components in the seed extracts was determined using an Agilent 1290 UPLC/DAD in tandem with an Agilent 6546 QTOF-MS. Our results showed selective antiviral activity with TI values as high as 13.1. Fifteen gingerols were identified by chromatographic analysis, with 6-gingerol being the dominant component in each seed extract. A combination of 6-gingerol with techtochrysin, previously identified in computational models as a potential active ingredient against SARS-CoV-2, demonstrated additive antiviral activity with CI values between 0.8715 and 0.9426. We confirmed the antiviral activity of predicted through computational models and identified a different compound, 6-gingerol, as a potential active ingredient.

APA Citation

Mahoney, Oneil; Melo, Claudia; Lockhart, Anthony; Cornejal, Nadjet; Alsaidi, Sahar; Wu, Qingli; Simon, Jim; Juliani, Rodolfo; Zydowsky, Thomas M.; Priano, Christine; Koroch, Adolfina; and Fernández Romero, José A., "Antiviral activity of aframomum melegueta against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses type 1 and 2" (2022). GW Authored Works. Paper 1047.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/1047

Department

School of Medicine and Health Sciences Student Works