Immunodeficiency-Related Lymphoid Proliferations: New Insights With Relevance to Practice

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

8-1-2020

Journal

Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports

Volume

15

Issue

4

DOI

10.1007/s11899-020-00594-1

Keywords

EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); HIV; Iatrogenic-associated lymphoproliferative disease; Lymphoma; Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD)

Abstract

© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Purpose of Review: Our understanding of risk factors and mechanisms underlying immunosuppression-related lymphoproliferative disorders continues to evolve. An increasing number of patients are living with altered immune status due to HIV, solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplant, treatment of autoimmune disease, or advanced age. This review covers advances in understanding, emerging trends, and revisions to diagnostic guidelines. Recent Findings: The tumor microenvironment, including interactions between the host immune system and tumor cells, is of increasing interest in the setting of immunosuppression. While some forms of lymphoproliferative disease are associated with unique risk factors, common mechanisms are also emerging. Indolent forms, such as Epstein-Barr virus positive mucocutaneous ulcer, are important to recognize. As methods to modulate the immune system evolve, more data are needed to understand and minimize lymphoproliferative disease risk. Summary: A better understanding of individual risk factors and common mechanisms underlying immunosuppression-related lymphoproliferations will ultimately enable improved prevention and treatment of these disorders.

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