Systolic blood pressure control among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A comparative effectiveness analysis of three interventions
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Date
5-11-2015
Journal
American Journal of Hypertension
Volume
28
Issue
8
DOI
10.1093/ajh/hpu292
Keywords
blood pressure; blood pressure control; blood pressure monitoring; comparative effectiveness; diabetes; hypertension; lifestyle intervention; obesity
Abstract
© American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd 2015. All rights reserved. BACKGROUND The relative effectiveness of 3 approaches to blood pressure control- (i) an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) focused on weight loss, (ii) frequent goal-based monitoring of blood pressure with pharmacological management, and (iii) education and support-has not been established among overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes who are appropriate for each intervention. METHODS Participants from the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) and the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) cohorts who met criteria for both clinical trials were identified. The proportions of these individuals with systolic blood pressure (SBP) <140 mm Hg from annual standardized assessments over time were compared with generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Across 4 years among 480 Look AHEAD and 1,129 ACCORD participants with baseline SBPs between 130 and 159 mm Hg, ILI (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = [1.18-1.81]) and frequent goal-based monitoring with pharmacotherapy (OR = 1.51; 95% CI = [1.16-1.97]) yielded higher rates of blood pressure control compared to education and support. The intensive behavioral-based intervention may have been more effective among individuals with body mass index >30 kg/m2, while frequent goal-based monitoring with medication management may be more effective among individuals with lower body mass index (interaction P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Among overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes, both ILI and frequent goal-based monitoring with pharmacological management can be successful strategies for blood pressure control. clinical trials registry clinicaltrials.gov identifiers NCT00017953 (Look AHEAD) and NCT00000620 (ACCORD).
APA Citation
Espeland, M., Probstfield, J., Hire, D., Redmon, J., Evans, G., Coday, M., Lewis, C., Johnson, K., Wilmoth, S., Bahnson, J., Dulin, M., Green, J., Knowler, W., Kitabchi, A., Murillo, A., Osei, K., & Rehman, S. (2015). Systolic blood pressure control among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A comparative effectiveness analysis of three interventions. American Journal of Hypertension, 28 (8). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpu292