Milken Institute School of Public Health Poster Presentations (Marvin Center & Video)

The Safety and Efficacy of Bivalent Killed Oral Cholera Vaccines in Cholera Endemic and High-Risk Areas: A Systematic Literature Review.

Document Type

Poster

Abstract Category

Global Health

Keywords

cholera, vaccine, endemic cholera, oral cholera vaccines

Publication Date

Spring 5-1-2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives Cholera is a disease that is common in environments with poor water quality, sanitation and hygiene. It can cause extreme dehydration that can lead to death if not treated quickly. The bivalent killed oral cholera vaccine is one measure that could provide a layer of protection for populations living in cholera endemic or high-risk areas. This systematic literature review assesses a collection of studies to determine if these vaccines are increase immunogenicity in the study populations. Methods The Navigation Guide systematic method was used to identify and assess risk of bias and strength and quality of evidence across five studies. Results The body of studies presents moderate quality of evidence and sufficient strength which supports the positive association between 2-doses of a bivalent killed whole cell oral cholera vaccine and an increase in vibriocidal antibodies. This suggests that the cholera vaccine increases the immunogenic response to cholera providing potential protection from the bacteria. The body of studies also present a moderate quality of evidence and sufficient strength to support the safety of 2-doses of a bivalent killed whole cell oral cholera vaccine. Conclusions This systematic literature review assessed the question “Are killed bivalent oral cholera vaccines an effective and safe way to increase immunogenicity in populations living in cholera endemic or high-risk areas?”. The body of studies shows the vaccines to be safe and effective in increasing immunogenicity in populations living in cholera endemic or high-risk areas.

Open Access

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Presented at Research Days 2019.

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The Safety and Efficacy of Bivalent Killed Oral Cholera Vaccines in Cholera Endemic and High-Risk Areas: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background and Objectives Cholera is a disease that is common in environments with poor water quality, sanitation and hygiene. It can cause extreme dehydration that can lead to death if not treated quickly. The bivalent killed oral cholera vaccine is one measure that could provide a layer of protection for populations living in cholera endemic or high-risk areas. This systematic literature review assesses a collection of studies to determine if these vaccines are increase immunogenicity in the study populations. Methods The Navigation Guide systematic method was used to identify and assess risk of bias and strength and quality of evidence across five studies. Results The body of studies presents moderate quality of evidence and sufficient strength which supports the positive association between 2-doses of a bivalent killed whole cell oral cholera vaccine and an increase in vibriocidal antibodies. This suggests that the cholera vaccine increases the immunogenic response to cholera providing potential protection from the bacteria. The body of studies also present a moderate quality of evidence and sufficient strength to support the safety of 2-doses of a bivalent killed whole cell oral cholera vaccine. Conclusions This systematic literature review assessed the question “Are killed bivalent oral cholera vaccines an effective and safe way to increase immunogenicity in populations living in cholera endemic or high-risk areas?”. The body of studies shows the vaccines to be safe and effective in increasing immunogenicity in populations living in cholera endemic or high-risk areas.