Association between behavioural risk factors for hypertension and concordance with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary pattern among South Asians in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study

Authors

Bridget Murphy Hussain, Public Health Program, Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, USA.
Andrea L. Deierlein, Public Health Nutrition, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Alka M. Kanaya, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Sameera A. Talegawkar, Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health at The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Joyce A. O'Connor, Public Health Nutrition, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Meghana D. Gadgil, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Belinda L. Needham, Department of Epidemiology and Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Yong Lin, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Niyati Parekh, Public Health Nutrition, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

1-1-2025

Journal

Journal of nutritional science

Volume

14

DOI

10.1017/jns.2025.8

Keywords

ACC/AHA, American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association; ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; BMI, body mass index; Cardiovascular disease; DASH, dietary approaches to stop hypertension; Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; Dietary intake; MASALA, mediators of atherosclerosis; South Asian; U.S., United States

Abstract

South Asians are among the fastest-growing immigrant population group in the United States (U.S.) with a unique disease risk profile. Due in part to immigration and acculturation factors, South Asians engage differently with behavioural risk factors (e.g. smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and diet) for hypertension, which may be modified for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Using data from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America cohort, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the association between behavioural risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diet. We created a behavioural risk factor score based on smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and TV watching. We also calculated a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary score based on inclusion of relevant dietary components. We used both scores to examine the association between engaging with risk factors for hypertension and the DASH diet among a cohort of South Asian adults. We found that participants with 3-4 behavioural risk factors had a DASH diet score that was 3 units lower than those with no behavioural risk factors (aβ: -3.25; 95% CI: -4.28, -2.21) and were 86% less likely to have a DASH diet score in the highest category compared to the lowest DASH diet score category (aOR: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.37) in the fully adjusted models. These findings highlight the relationship between behavioural risk factors for hypertension among South Asians in the U.S.

APA Citation

Hussain, Bridget Murphy; Deierlein, Andrea L.; Kanaya, Alka M.; Talegawkar, Sameera A.; O'Connor, Joyce A.; Gadgil, Meghana D.; Needham, Belinda L.; Lin, Yong; and Parekh, Niyati, "Association between behavioural risk factors for hypertension and concordance with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary pattern among South Asians in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study" (2025). GW Authored Works. Paper 6850.
https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/gwhpubs/6850

Department

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences